Why is it that Film Critics Frequently Differ in Opinion from Common Viewers?
In the world of film criticism, the role of critics is not merely to provide entertainment or simple opinions, but to offer a deeper, more analytical view of films that goes beyond mainstream audience reactions. This perspective is shared by film critics such as Peter Rainer of The Christian Science Monitor and Walter Metz, a film criticism professor and author.
Rainer and Metz believe that film critics are tasked with helping audiences see what is truly in the work, including what should be there or what is missing. Their role is more about providing a serious, knowledgeable analysis that bridges the gap between the filmmaker’s intentions and the audience’s experience, rather than simply reflecting popular opinion.
This critical, sometimes rigorous approach can sometimes alienate mainstream audiences due to its depth and seriousness. Critics often challenge popular tastes or expose viewers to different perspectives that mainstream audiences might overlook. Legendary filmmaker Satyajit Ray emphasized this mediating role, stating that a critic’s main responsibility is to build a connection between the director and the audience, enhancing understanding rather than just reflecting popular opinion.
While mainstream audiences typically consume films for entertainment and emotional engagement, critics approach films with a focus on artistic merit, thematic depth, technical craft, and cultural significance. This analytic stance may alienate casual viewers, who often prefer straightforward, accessible commentary.
Critics can influence public opinion and box office outcomes by shaping perceptions through their reviews, but this influence is complex and sometimes limited; they do not always sway the fate of a film since many viewers do not align with critical perspectives.
Studies conducted by academic institutions like New York University generally confirm that film critics provide a professional, contextual analysis of films that uses film history, theory, and criticism frameworks. These studies often highlight that critics serve as cultural gatekeepers who help elevate discourse about films, encouraging audiences to think more critically about what they watch, contrasting with the more instinctive reactions of mainstream viewers.
Walter Metz, who chairs the Department of Cinema and Photography at the University of Southern Illinois and is co-editor of the Film Criticism Journal, wants to infuse academic film criticism language into mainstream newspapers, magazines, and websites. He teaches his college students to write middle ground movie reviews that balance mainstream and academic elements.
Despite their differences, Rainer and Metz agree that there are times when critics' and moviegoers' tastes converge, but they may not see the same layers in a film. Rainer cites 'Jaws' and 'The Empire Strikes Back' as examples of films where both critics and audiences appreciated the film, while Metz points out that perceptions of movies change over time, citing examples like 'Citizen Kane' and 'Blade Runner'.
However, reading movie reviews is necessary for achieving a deeper appreciation of movies, but fewer people are willing to do so. This reduction could make the world a dumber place, warns Metz. Metz's students broadcast their movie reviews on the local NPR affiliate, WSIU, offering a platform for a more analytical view of films.
In summary, film critics like Peter Rainer and Walter Metz perceive their role as serious cultural interpreters who help build a meaningful dialogue between filmmakers and the public, diverging from mainstream audiences by focusing on critical insight and artistic evaluation rather than simple entertainment or popular tastes. This distinction defines their unique contribution to the film landscape.
Books on education and self-development can delve into the role of film critics, discussing their purpose as cultural interpreters who bridge the gap between a filmmaker's intentions and the audience's experience. These critics, like Peter Rainer and Walter Metz, strive to provide thought-provoking analyses of films, highlighting artistic merit, thematic depth, and cultural significance in their writings. The entertainment value of films may be present, but these critics view analysis and insight as paramount.
